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  	  <title><![CDATA[漫步者先生的博客]]></title>
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manbuzhe3281@sina.com]]></description>
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	  <pubDate>Wed, 10 Sep 2008 11:35:20 +0800</pubDate>
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	  	<title><![CDATA[漫步者先生的博客]]></title>
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  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】亲身经历42年前的“文革”（4）：残无人道的 “批斗会”]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841972415583</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>【原创】亲身经历</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年前的“文革”（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">4</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>）：残无人道的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>“批斗会”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> <SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>我的“文革”经历之四：残无人道的教师厄运——“批斗会”</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>我所在的学校——安徽省立黄麓师范学校，是张治中先生于</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1934</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年私人创办的，解放以后虽然收归公办，但他还经常来学校看望，并不断地用自己的资金资助学校的发展。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">张治中</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先生最关心的是学校规模和师资力量的配备。为了实现他“桃李满天下”的愿望，这所学校的寓意特点是种满了桃树和李树；为了培养好学校的“桃李”，他在师资的选配上也是煞费苦心的。每一位老师无论主科或副科都必须具有大学本科及其以上文凭，大多数干脆就是从大学教师队伍中挑选过来的。许多人还担负着省教育厅的教材科研工作。我们在时已经是这个学校的最后三届学生了，近</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">300</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>人，但教师就有</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">60</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来人，可见，无论是从数量和质量上来看都是多么的充足。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于他们都是从旧社会过来资深的老教师，学术上是权威的，但出身也离不了是“黑七类”的家庭。由此，他们这些“双料”的人物，在文革中一开始就是冲击的对象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>首先迎来的是铺天盖地大字报的揭露和批判，大字报不但贴满了校园，就连他们的家前屋后，甚至大门、室内也贴上了大字报。语言是激烈的，言词是粗暴的。一位</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">70</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多岁已经退休，但还担任图书管理员的孤单王老教师，因经受不了这样的势头，便悬梁自尽了。生前他说过：清朝我经过；军阀我见过；民国我待过，就是没有遇过这样的“文化大革命”。由此，死后便以“自绝人民、畏罪自杀”的罪名草草埋葬了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接着，平凡的批斗会此起彼落，每天都有好几场。各个红卫兵组织车流上阵，对每个教师遭轮番轰炸。一位童姓老师，因其老婆是个右派，指责他没有同老婆划清界限而遭到批斗。先是将他从家里捆绑起来带入会场，进入批斗会场后强制他下跪，但倔强的他坚持不跪，“强词夺理”问，何罪之有？红卫兵一脚踢在他的腿弯处，掀翻在地，额头重重地磕在水泥地上血流如注。但他还是强忍疼痛，猛地站了起来，怒吼道：“你们是法西斯！”但他还没逃过一劫。事后，将他的老婆关在大礼堂的破旧三楼上，每餐用绳子从窗口往返系她丈夫送的饭。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">批斗造成教师们妻离子散的现象屡见不鲜，一位李姓的体育教师，仅仅因为他老婆是农村人，说她是个懒婆娘，逼她回乡务农，李老师与其妻、儿女一家五口抱头痛哭，并连夜将其老婆送上了回乡的火车。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">唐老师和蔡老师是一对夫妻教师，蔡老师因家庭出身不好而被隔离，她偷偷地写了一首“泪落枕将浮”的悲情诗，遭红卫兵知情后，迫使他们交出这首“反动”诗，但被蔡老师吞咽腹中，于是又是一顿无情的批斗将这位如花似玉的蔡老师摧残得惨败凋零。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在黄麓师范，知识分子的家庭那一家不都是古旧书籍成堆。“破四旧”的浪潮荡平了各个角落。有一位资深的瞿姓语文教师，他一生爱书胜爱命，当红卫兵从他家里将大量的书籍翻出来，由于无法运输，只得就地焚毁，他竟让人始料不及地扑向了火堆。当人们把他从火堆里拉出来时，他已经昏厥过去了。还有一位莫姓教师，知道自己难逃一劫，便将自己独居的小屋上了十二把门锁，逃之夭夭。红卫兵一怒之下还是砸开了他的门，但屋内已是一片狼籍，留下了满屋纸灰。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>综上所述，可见当时的世态犹如秦始皇的“焚书坑儒”。老师们忧心忡忡，如坐针毡，不是昨天那个人被揪出来了，就是今天这个人被揭出来了，人人自畏，个个陌生。半夜里，只要外面一有风吹草动，他们就会一骨碌翻身下地。岂不知，这才是厄运的开始……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841972415583</comments>
    <slash:comments>38</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841972415583</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 2008 07:24:15 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-05-19T07:24:15+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】亲身经历42年前的“文革”（3）：忠于红太阳，见到毛主席]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841863433812</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>【原创】亲身经历</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年前的“文化大革命”（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">3</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>）：忠于红太阳，见到毛主席</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> <SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>我的“文革”经历之三：</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN></B><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年前我见到了毛主席</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>毛主席已经作古</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">32</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年了，但我能在老人家在世时见到过他，作为那个时代过来的人——我来说，还是甚感荣幸的。“文化大革命”虽然不值得留念，但是，“见到毛主席”还是值得记忆的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1966</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，首都天安门广场举行“庆祝无产阶级文化大革命群众大会”，毛泽东等党和国家领导人在天安门第一次接见来自全国各地的群众和红卫兵。这一天，毛泽东身穿军装，在天安门接见来自全国各地的群众和红卫兵，接受并配戴了红卫兵敬献的袖章。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">此后，毛泽东又分别于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">31</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">26</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日多次接见红卫兵。到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月下旬为止，先后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次接见红卫兵和学校师生达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多万人。这说明，毛泽东对红卫兵造反运动积极支持，把红卫兵和青年学生视为全面发动“文化大革命”的突击力量。在毛泽东</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次接见红卫兵的鼓舞支持下，各地分散的、零星的造反运动，迅速统一到红卫兵这个风靡全国的组织形式下，发展成为一股席卷数千万青年的狂潮。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与此同时，红卫兵开始进行全国性大串连。中共中央、国务院发出通知，规定来京的师生“一律免费乘坐火车”，“生活补助费和交通费由国家财政开支”。外地大专院校和中学师生纷纷奔向北京；而北京的学生则纷纷奔赴外地。这样就开始了全国性的大串连。毛泽东在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月内</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次接见全国各地红卫兵和学校师生，更助长了这种趋势。全国串连的人数以亿万计，造成全国停学、停产，铁路拥挤，交通堵塞，社会秩序混乱。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1967</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，中央发出关于停止全国大串连的通知，决定取消原定的春暖后进行大串连的计划。但部分人仍在外联络、串连，直到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月后，串连活动基本结束。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我见到毛主席是在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1966</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">31</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，那时我们得到毛主席将“分期分批”接见来自全国各地的红卫兵消息后，毅然决定赶赴北京，接受毛主席的第二次接见。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>我所在的学校红卫兵组织经过严格的出身和政治表现“审查”，选出了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">30</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>名作为赴京代表，于</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">8</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">28</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">夜晚带着一种神秘感，悄悄地赶到火车站，搭乘去北京的夜班火车。进入车厢，政治空气就大不一样了：这是一辆专列，车厢里全部坐满了去北京的“红卫兵”；上面挂着“北京欢迎毛主席请来的小客人”的横幅标语；列车员不时地拎来水壶为“红卫兵”端茶递水，口里不断地念叨着：“欢迎你们——光荣的红卫兵小将！”我们感到十分沾沾自喜。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>列车经过</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">26</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>个小时的颠簸，第二天夜里到达了北京站，大厅里那种仿古式的建筑和装饰，绚丽耀眼的宫灯，配上闻所未闻的电动式升降台阶电梯，把我们这一个个十五、六岁的嫩头孩子们看得眼不胜收。车站广场上强烈的各式灯光，如同白昼，一字排开的打着“欢迎红卫兵”的大客车早已等候在那里。上车后，大客车把我们分别送到了各大、中专院校接待站，饱餐一顿后，我们一行便分到离天安门较近的麟阁路中学就寝。各接待站最高领导——教导员命令我们“一切行动听指挥，好好睡上一天觉，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">31</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日接受新的任务。”不言而喻，我们猜测着，这就是毛主席接见的日子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>由于太兴奋了，虽然两夜一天没有合眼，一时间还真的睡不着。但不知过了多久，不知不觉地被一阵阵哨声吹醒了，时间已经到了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">8</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">31</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">凌晨。我们匆匆吃好了早饭，意外地每人发了一套新军装和武装带，这可是我们梦寐以求的收获啊！虽然没有领章帽徽，却配发了“红卫兵纠察队”的袖标。原来，我们还担负着天安门广场纠察连的任务。大客车把我们送入岗位后，我们便守卫在天安门前金水桥西侧的华表旁。紧接着，一辆辆大客车把来自全国各地的“红卫兵”送进了天安门广场，刹那间，队形蜂拥，人头窜动，偌大的世界一流的天安门广场，被红卫兵挤得水泄不通。等红卫兵坐定后，我们便尽情地饱览宏伟壮观的天安门，远眺人民英雄纪念碑、人民大会堂、军事博物馆。广场上也此起彼落地响起了当时最流行的“文革歌曲”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">兴奋至极的环境，时光也显得一逝而过。日暮时分，天安门和东西长安街上的高音喇叭里传来了格外雄伟洪亮的“东方红”歌声，四面八方的聚光灯齐聚天安门城楼，高大魁梧的毛主席身影出现在了天安门城楼上，党和国家领导人也在城楼上一字排开，向广场上的红卫兵挥手致意。这时，不知是谁提醒一句：“快看时间！”“五点四十！”这声音在“毛主席万岁”的声浪中，虽然渺小，但还是被我们抢记下来了。天安门城楼上，最耀眼的还是毛主席，他身穿绿军装，不停地鼓掌，并摘下军帽，从城楼的东边巡视到城楼的西边，嘴里不断地喊着“人民万岁！”“红卫兵好！”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">随后，毛主席及党和国家领导人走下天安门城楼，不一会儿，从天安门正门中央驶出一辆辆敞篷汽车，毛主席和周总理站在第一辆敞篷汽车上，随后是其他领导人，记得刘少奇和邓小平是坐在最后一辆敞篷汽车上驶出天安门正门的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按当时的行车方向，估计党和国家领导人的车队是打算自西侧绕天安门广场一周，由东侧返回天安门的。由于人多激动，蜂拥而上，车队就在西侧的华表旁停下来了，周总理不断挥手示意让道，但已始料不及了。人群在跳跃着，口号在呼喊着。人浪、声浪压过一切。紧接着，从天安门开来一辆轿车，把毛主席接了回去。就在拥堵的这一段时间里，我却幸运地仔细端详了毛主席的尊容，激动的心情也是无法形容的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直至晚上八点，毛主席及党和国家领导人才退出天安门城楼，但“毛主席万岁”的声浪还在天安门广场上空震荡着，人们的嗓子嘶哑了，衣着凌乱了。晚上清场时，广场上到处散落着帽子、鞋子、眼镜、手表、书包等物。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">随后几天，我们借助是毛主席请来的小客人的身份，食宿全免，故此，在北京好好游览了诸多胜景，便依依不舍地离开了伟大的首都。后来，我又利用“大串联”的机会，又去了三趟北京，但后面的几次见毛主席，就远远不及这一次了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>回想这次毛主席的接见（属于毛主席第二次接见红卫兵），历历在目，时间虽然远隔</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年，但还是记忆犹新，难以忘怀。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841863433812</comments>
    <slash:comments>39</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841863433812</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 18 May 2008 06:34:33 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-05-18T06:34:33+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】亲身经历42年前的“文革”（2）：狼烟四起“破四旧”]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841764455821</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>【原创】亲身经历</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年前的“文化大革命”（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">2</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>）：狼烟四起的“破四旧”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> <SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我的“文革”经历之二：狼烟四起的“破四旧”</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>自</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">8</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">18</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，毛主席第一次在天安门广场接见百万红卫兵，红卫兵小将宋彬彬给毛主席戴上了“红卫兵”袖标时，毛主席问了她的名字说：“宋彬彬？要武嘛！”随之宋彬彬改名“宋要武”，全国就此掀起了“破四旧、斗批改”风潮。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“破四旧”，即号召红卫兵“大破一切剥削阶级的旧思想、旧文化、旧风俗、旧习惯”。从八月十九日开始，在北京首先发起了一场规模空前的“破四旧”运动，这场运动又神速传遍全中国。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">林彪及其一伙摸透了青年学生单纯、无知、好奇、冲动的特点，发动青年学生加入红卫兵组织，号召全国人民支持红卫兵“敢闯、敢干、敢造反的无产阶级革命造反精神。”一夜间各地大、中、专院校纷纷成立了“红卫兵”组织，诸如“毛泽东思想红卫兵”、“毛泽东主义红卫兵”……遍布城乡，就连小学生也戴上了“红小兵”的袖标。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">紧接着“改名”浪潮也时髦兴起，什么“卫东”、“捍东”、“向东”“红卫”、“小兵”、“小军”、“建国”、“卫国”、“爱国”等等重复出现。根据毛主席提出的“只要有人的地方，就有左中右之分”的指示，好人以“工人、农民、军人、学生、商人”分为“红五类”；坏人以“地主、富农、反革命、坏蛋、右派、特务、历史反革命”分为“黑七类”，以后又加上“走资派”、“反动学术权威”，共九类，教师就成了“臭老九”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">社会人群有“红五类”、“黑九类”之分，他们的子女也由此受到不同的待遇。什么“龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠生儿打地洞”，将“黑九类”的子女们折腾得抬不起头来。他们是不能加入“红卫兵”组织的，不能参加各种“破四旧、斗批改”活动的。整天就是要写对自己父母的揭发材料，与“黑九类”的父母划清界线、断绝关系。搞得他们成天只能以泪洗面。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于我的家庭成份是“贫民”，与“贫大农”有差距，但也勉强纳入了“红五类”子女之列，但是，我的名字却过不了关，是按辈分续下来的，既属于四旧，也没有什么革命意义，我参加的“红卫兵”组织要我改名字。为了避开风头，“三十六计，走为上计”，一气之下我便回了家乡。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>小小县城在“破四旧”的风潮下，也打砸得破败不堪。县政府原来是以“八字门”设计的，作为</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>“衙门八字开”的四旧给砸毁了。老百姓更是人人自畏，家门紧闭，商业多数关门，一片萧条景象。见到了父亲，显得格外苍老。他一连串地问我：“我们家不是贫大农，你受牵累了吗？破四旧，你的名字改了吗？你们学校搞打砸抢了吗？你回家是不是遇到什么委屈了吗？”我一一回答了，父亲才放了心。父亲是</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">46</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>岁才有了我这个独子，母亲由于生下我得了产后风过早地离世了。文革中的父亲，既是一个传统守法的人，又是一个胆小怕事的人。他的名字也是按辈分续的，而且还带个“寿”字，是个典型的四旧名字，好在他的职务是会计，换了名字在银行拿不了钱，职工也就发不了工资，这才躲过了一劫。但是，破四旧，他将家里收藏的各种字画、家族宗谱、铜板铜钱以及“袁大头”（即银圆）都一一上缴了，就连我小时候戴的银挂锁、银项圈、银手镯，还有我积攒的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">500</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本小人书也上缴了。唉！这时候要是留下来可就是一笔不小的财富啊！但是，那时候只要有人一声令下，谁敢不从呀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说到“破四旧”，那简直就是胡乱的“打砸抢”呀。全国的损失可就大了，中小型零散的古建筑和庙宇塔碑，遭焚毁破坏。和尚道士赶出山门，逼迫还俗种田。许多全国重点保护文物都封闭了，并贴上了国务院的封条，这可是周总理的一大功绩。我亲眼目睹了杭州灵隐寺的大雄宝殿竟然用钢精混凝土给围封了起来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>我们学校地处张治中的老家，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1948</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年时任国民党外交部长的张治中，以国民党谈判组组长身份赴北平参加国共谈判的，眼看国民党大势已去，他便留在了北平，和平解放北平他也建立了不可磨灭的功劳。但是文革中，他的祖坟地也险遭毁迹。他家租莹地坐落一块山坡地，顺山拾阶而上，林荫覆盖，在松柏翠竹的掩映下，祖父母、父母亲及姐姐的三座大坟兀然而立。当我校的红卫兵组织浩浩荡荡开上山时，张治中及夫人洪氏的两氏家族跪地求赦，随着村民的越聚越多，担心事态不可收拾的情况下，红卫兵组织只得决定暂缓毁坟。不几天，就接到国务院“力保张氏祖坟”的快件，由此，张氏祖坟便躲过了这一劫。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841764455821</comments>
    <slash:comments>36</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841764455821</guid>
    <pubDate>Sat, 17 May 2008 06:44:55 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-05-17T11:05:14+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】亲身经历42年前的“文革”（1）：黑云压城城欲摧的“四大”]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841683015559</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>【原创】亲身经历</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">42</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年前的“文化大革命”（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）：黑云压城城欲摧的“四大”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">前面的话：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提起“文化大革命”：老辈人深恶痛绝、不寒而栗；中年人略有所闻、业已淡忘；年轻人不可思议、一脸惘然。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但后史已经给予定论：“文化大革命”属“十年浩劫”；对“文化大革命”要全盘否定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我是一个毛泽东时代培养起来的青年学生、国家干部，中共党员。那时，以一介书生亲身经历了“文化大革命”的全过程，现在回想起来，的确令人震惊和悲怆。但是，全盘否定“文化大革命”不代表要全盘否定毛泽东和毛泽东时代。毛泽东是人不是神，晚年发动“文化大革命”的确是他功过“三、七开”的过错部分。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今天，我不想以长篇大作的理论评说和以史为鉴的总结来写这篇文章，仅以作为经历者的身份，通过我的耳闻目睹，将其中的点滴一一写来，串联成集，供后生家一睹当年的真实写照；粗略了解曾发生在中国现代史上的一件令人既不可理解，也颇感毛骨悚然的事件展示。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>当年的“文化大革命”是以</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1966</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">5</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">16</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>中共中央的“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">5</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>·</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">16</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通知</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”为起始，以</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1976</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">10</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">6</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“四人帮就擒”为终结。《我的“文革”经历》将以此贯穿始终。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我的“文革”经历之一：黑云压城城欲摧的“四大”</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑云压城城欲摧的“四大”，指的是一夜间铺天盖地而来的“大鸣、大放、大字报、大辩论”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>那时候，我就读于“安徽省黄麓师范学校”，即原国民党高级将领张治中于三十年代创办的私立师范学校。入学满一年，眼看快放暑假了，中共中央“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">5</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>·</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">16</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通知</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”下达了，校党组立即布置全校师生围绕姚文元的那篇《评新编历史剧</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&lt;</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>海瑞罢官</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">&gt;</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">》展开学习、讨论，并开展大批判、书写大字报。随之，各班开批判会、人人写大字报，大礼堂里拉满了绳索，大字报象布展似的里三层外三层地挂满在绳索上。谁知一夜间，一场大火将所有大字报化为灰烬。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>实话说，当时我们这群毛孩子，根本就不知道“文化大革命”的实质，只认为是一种学术之争，所以“大字报”也只是小报抄大报，大报抄梁效（即“两校”的谐音，指清华、北大两校写作班子的笔名）。其实，早在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1965</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>年</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">1</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>月</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">25</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>日</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">毛泽东就与来访的美国著名作家兼新闻记者斯诺谈到：“许多权力——各省各地方党委内，特别是北京市党委内的宣传工作的权力——他都管不了了。”于是，毛泽东决定，刘少奇必须下台。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>谁知不久，学校礼堂的一场大火，引发了一起“反革命事件”。作为反革命事件处理，省教育厅立即派来了工作组，凌驾于校党组之上，原厅级干部的杨济仁校长也随之靠了边。一下子，工作组发动全校学生大张旗鼓地展开</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“四大”活动，对校长实行夺权，对所有的教师实行揭发、批斗。一时间，校园内停课闹革命，大字报贴满校舍四壁，狼烟四起，人人自畏。今天揪出这个教师是反革命，明天揭出那个教师是反动学术权威。不几天，所有的老师都被扣上了各种地主、富农、反革命、坏蛋、右派、托派、走资派、保皇派、臭老九等五花八门的帽子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face=宋体>紧接着，批斗、抄家、围攻、打砸抢等手段对他们接踵而来……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841683015559</comments>
    <slash:comments>36</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200841683015559</guid>
    <pubDate>Fri, 16 May 2008 08:30:15 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-05-16T08:35:42+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】周末献一题 推理测智商（19）：“算出10的结果”]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008312882323</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【原创】周末献一题</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">推理测智商（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）：“算出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的结果”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，用加、减、乘、除四种运算法则进行运算，要求不可以改变</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的顺序，不可以加括号，怎样才可以使结果为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（请博友发表自己的见解，答案下期公开。）</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">期</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">答案：</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">拿起</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的杯子，把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">杯里的水全倒进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">２。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">上期答案正确的有：“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A title=yknt1978 href="http://yknt1978.blog.163.com/" target=_blank><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">yknt1978</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”、“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A title=宇 href="http://byc-211.blog.163.com/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>宇</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”、“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A title=在路上 href="http://gan996.blog.163.com/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>在路上</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”三位博友，恭喜你们！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008312882323</comments>
    <slash:comments>35</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008312882323</guid>
    <pubDate>Sat, 12 Apr 2008 08:08:23 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-04-12T08:08:23+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】解开父子仇怨的竟然是你意想不到的人]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200831081845251</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">【原创】解开父子仇怨的竟然是你意想不到的人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一、决裂：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">早年曾任国民党师长的孟老人与同僚李老人是生死之交，解放前双双投诚共产党。“文革”期间，孟的儿子为了表示“革命”态度，与父亲决裂，并将两位老人的历史问题揭发出来交给红卫兵批斗，致使李老人含冤而死。面对儿子犯下的血债，孟老人一气之下，与下放的儿子断绝了往来。以后，就连老伴去世，孟老人也没有通知儿子；而儿子结婚也没有通知老父。从此，父子二人老死不相往来，老人孤单一人生活了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">二、忏悔：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">孟老人的儿子十分幸运，娶了一位十分贤惠的妻子。结婚以后，妻子经常问起丈夫的家境。但丈夫总是一言不发，妻子也觉得蹊跷。于是她留心四处打听，终于解开了这个家庭之谜。妻子责怪丈夫的不是，更同情公爹一人生活的酸楚，多次约丈夫忏悔认父，但丈夫不从。当妻子得知公爹至今历史问题尚未平反，每月仅靠微薄的生活费度日，近来又患心肌梗塞住了医院，因无钱医治遭拖延而诱发双目失明。孟妻决定代夫赎罪。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">三、赎罪：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">孟家夫妻因勤劳致富，创出了家业。为了帮助公爹治病，孟妻扮作求职保姆，来到孟父床前，要求服侍他，并从家中拿出了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">万元，为公爹做心脏搭桥手术，还谎称此钱是社会捐赠。为了保障手术成功，妻子又动员因血缘关系的丈夫，从自己腿部截取血管，用在父亲身上。丈夫终于被妻子的行为所感动，协助医生，捐出血管，手术顺利成功。但不久，丈夫因患肺癌晚期，临终前又捐出眼角膜，让父亲重见光明。但这一切父亲却全然不知，都是儿媳默默为之。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 四、重聚：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">今年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">86</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">岁高龄的父亲终于走完了自己艰辛的历程。临终前，组织上给他平了反，补发了一笔不菲的抚恤金、报销了全部医药费、分得了两居室住房。但这一切老人已经享受不到了，老人留下遗嘱：将这一切全部赠送给精心服侍自己多年的“保姆”。可他全不知晓，这位“保姆”竟然就是自己的儿媳。老人死后，儿媳含泪买了一块墓地，将他父子二人同葬在一起。从此，这对父子生前不能相聚，死后却又重逢。</SPAN></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200831081845251</comments>
    <slash:comments>45</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200831081845251</guid>
    <pubDate>Thu, 10 Apr 2008 08:18:45 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-04-10T08:19:24+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【原创】周末献一题 推理测智商（18）：“排列杯子”]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008358439800</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【原创】周末献一题</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">推理测智商（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）：“排列杯子”</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">六只杯子排成一行，前三只杯子（编号为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）装满了水，后三只杯子（编号为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）是空的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果只允许动一只杯子，你怎样才能使两只盛满水的杯子无法紧挨在一起，而两只空杯子也无法紧挨在一起？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（请博友发表自己的见解，答案下期公开。）</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">期</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">答案：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香两头点燃同时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香点燃一头；当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香烧完时及时点燃</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香的另一头（即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香剩余部分两头点燃）。当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">香烧完的时间即为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分钟。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008358439800</comments>
    <slash:comments>36</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/339827782008358439800</guid>
    <pubDate>Sat, 5 Apr 2008 08:04:39 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-04-05T08:04:39+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[【编辑】鲜为人知的周/总/理生命的最后时刻]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820083484636462</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【编辑】鲜为人知的周</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">理生命的最后时刻——忍着剧疼工作到临终</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今天是清明节，笔者仅以此文祭奠我们敬爱的周恩来总理。回顾周总理离开我们已经</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">周年了，今年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，又是周总理诞辰</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">110</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">周年纪念日。阅读此文，缅怀先烈，让老一辈革命家永远活在我们的心中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1975</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下午，是周恩来总理住院后进行的第四次手术。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">看起来，周恩来对自己疾病的未来，已渐失信心。他判断自己的病已无治，说：“我的病，在医院待下去已没有多少意思了，可否搬回家（西花厅）去住。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">此次手术，进行了五个小时，对于极度虚弱的周恩来来说，又是一次严重的考验。但周恩来坚持了下来。不幸的是，手术过程中，发现周恩来体内的癌瘤已经扩散到全身，无法医治了。邓小平只能指示医疗组：“尽一切努力，减少痛苦，延长生命。”稍后，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，周恩来又做了第五次手术，这次手术后，周恩来再也没能从病床上下来。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月中旬起，终日卧床的周恩来已无法进食，所需要的食物由医护人员用管子直接灌入胃里。这时周恩来的身上插满了各种管，进食、输血、输液、排液……</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以至使翻身都受到限制。为了减少周恩来的痛苦，医生不得已使用了安眠药和止痛针。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">医生张佐良回忆说：“总理用的止痛药，开头打一针可管上四五个小时，后来管两三个小时……</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他疼得实在不行时，就把我叫进去，说，我很疼，能不能哼一哼，叫唤叫唤。听到这里我的眼泪都掉出来了，我说，总理，你现在愿意怎样就怎样吧！”护士许奉生说，“这时总理是很痛苦的，可他从来不哼也不叫。有一次他正睡觉，一下让疼痛惊醒了，就问，我喊了没有？我们说，你叫叫没关系的，如果你疼，你就哼哼，就叫，没关系，他摇摇头。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第四次手术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">108</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天后，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1976</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，周恩来总理逝世。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">惜别西花厅</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第四次手术前一年零三个多月，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1974</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，周恩来离开中南海西花厅住进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">305</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">医院。住院的前一天，周恩来的侄女周秉德接到邓颖超的电话，让她中午来吃饭。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">周秉德回忆说当时她还很奇怪，离周日还有两天，为什么叫我回西花厅吃饭？周秉德描述这顿饭，“伯伯吃得很少，放下碗筷，他没有离席，好几次为我夹菜！余光中，我发现伯伯一直在看我，那眼神显得格外温柔、亲切。这在过去是很少有的，往日他吃饭总是很快，无暇聊天，无论是家庭聚会，还是与西花厅的工作人员会餐，他也总是第一个离开，一是为了让大家不受拘束、多吃点，另外他也的确太忙。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吃完饭，周秉德知道为什么来吃这顿饭了，周恩来告诉他侄女他明天要去住院。当时周秉德听到这个消息，“知道他要去住院，我的心情真像少年儿童过节，由衷高兴：伯伯难得肯抽时间去住院，他只要好好睡觉‘充充电’，过十天半月正常人的生活，他便能够精神焕发，夜以继日地工作。”显然，周秉德并不知道实情。对生活了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多年的西花厅，周恩来有着太多留念，临上汽车时，周恩来似乎又想起什么。他走回自己的办公室，细细地凝视室内他所熟悉的每一件物品。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">病起</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1967</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保健医生张佐良回忆说：“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1967</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年，发现了总理的心脏病，心电图显示冠状动脉供血不足。我们报告了中央，并及时采取了一些措施。”对于这一发现，周恩来直接的反应是，“当即叮嘱秘书不要对外讲他患病”。与这一命令相对应，周恩来身边的工作人员“于次日写了一张大字报贴在他办公室门上”，“强烈请求”他“改变现在的工作方式和生活习惯”。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于这张大字报的反应，周恩来批了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个字，“诚恳接受，要看实践”。但是，更为真实的境况，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1967</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月下旬，广州春季出口商品交易会召开前夕，因为听说广州“情况较紧，而军管会又难于控制”，周恩来决定立即飞赴广州……</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一连</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多个小时没有睡觉。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月，外事口的造反派继续在陈毅问题上做文章……</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US>27</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日凌晨，周恩来面对反复劝说无效的反动派，以少有的激动，大声说道：“你们采取轮流战术，从昨天下午到现在，整整</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个钟头了，我一分钟都没有休息，我的身体不能再忍受了！你们这完全是在向我施加压力，是在整我了！”</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">此次接见外事口的造反派，周恩来由于心脏病发作，从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">27</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日早晨到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">28</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日下午，持续</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多个小时无法工作。稍后，周恩来跟邓颖超说，“我一到早晨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时左右，精神就不行了，手发抖”。周总理工作最长的时间记录是，处理林彪事件时——“连续工作达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多个小时”，而此时的周恩来已经</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">73</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确诊癌症</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主席主张不开刀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">让普通人不容易理解的是，最终损害周恩来的健康乃至生命的，并非最初发现的心脏病。当时担任周恩来保健医生的张佐良回忆：</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“那是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1972</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日，我仍然像往常那样将总理留下的化验物作常规检查。从尿样中，我发现有三四个红血球。我鼓着勇气对总理说：前两天的化验结果有些不正常，总理听完后说：‘你呀，说了这半天都是废话。说穿了，不就是怕长肿瘤吗？明天留（尿样）。’他一边说，一边大眼睛忽闪忽闪地看着我，他早就猜透我的言外之意了。四五天后，我们又给总理做了第二次常规化验，同时进行细胞检查，并请北京医院、协和医院、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">301</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">医院和肿瘤医院的专家对检查结果作了分析鉴定，一致认为周总理患的是膀胱移行上皮细胞癌。后来，又把样本拿到天津、上海，结论都是一样的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，确诊总理所患是膀胱癌。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确诊结果出来后，毛泽东当逐字逐句地看完医疗组关于周恩来病情的报告后，心情是那样沉重，这种沉重的心情反映在他平时很少出现过的异样严肃的脸上和紧皱着的眉头上。他叮嘱这件事对外要保密，对怎样治疗，他说：“开刀容易扩散，有危险，是否可以通过中医的方法，用中药来控制病情。”并且这样解释，你们外科医生动不动就开刀，开一个死一个，陈老总不是开刀死了吗？谢富治不是也开刀死了吗？他还要求“防止扩散，注意营养和休息”。起初，保健医生并没有将确诊结果告诉周恩来。周恩来心中已经明白，但他配合医务人员治疗过程中，也不去“点破”这件事，仍像以前一样没日没夜地工作。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次年，（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1973</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，周恩来约叶剑英、张春桥、汪东兴谈自己的病情及检查治疗问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日，叶剑英向毛泽东反映了周恩来的病情发展、急需检查治疗的情况，毛批准先检查、后治疗的意见。同日，周恩来做透视检查。对于这次叶剑英利用一次陪同毛泽东接见外宾的机会，亲手捧着周恩来的一瓶血尿送给毛泽东看，直接向他倾诉了严重的病情。</SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">疼得靠打滚排尿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对周恩来而言，比起更早时间即已查出的心脏病，此次疾病来势似乎更猛烈。总理不断尿血，可常常因为凝固的血块堵住了尿道口，总理尿憋得难受，可怎么也排不出来！痛得他在地上翻过来，滚过去，工作人员站在旁边，急得掉泪，却一点也帮不上忙！</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">谁知歪打正着，因为翻动，血块移位，总理倒能排出尿来了。于是，工作人员干脆在总理经常接待外宾的福建厅旁，总理的办公室里摆上一张床，总理不能排尿时，就让他躺在床上左右翻滚，以达到能排出血尿。到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1974</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月，总理的病情更恶化了，用翻滚的办法已经无济于事，是总理自己向毛主席递上了要求手术的报告，才决定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">住院的……</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于自己的第四次手术，显然，周恩来明白这是他生命的一道大坎。稍早一些时候（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1975</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），在接见自己原身边医务人员时，周很坦然，“我估计还有半年”，“你们一定要把我的病情随时如实地告诉我，因为还有许多工作，要作个交待”。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在做完第三次大手术后，周恩来把病情及治疗情况致信毛泽东（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1975</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），“我现在身体还禁得起，体重还有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">61</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">斤，一切正常，可保无虞，务请主席放心。”</SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第四次手术</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">挡不住病情恶化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1975</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下午，周恩来住院后的第四次手术。邓小平、张春桥、李先念、汪东兴和邓颖超等到医院守侯。进入手术室前，周恩来要工作人员找来自己于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1972</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">23</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在中央批林整风汇报会上所作《关于国民党造谣污蔑地登载所谓“伍豪启事”的问题报告》的录音记录稿，用颤抖的手签上名字，并注明签字的环境和时间：“于进入手术室（前），一九七五，九，二十。”进入手术室时，周恩来大声说道：“我是终于党、终于人民的！我不是投降派！”在场的邓颖超要汪东兴将此情况报告毛泽东。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">癌细胞已扩散到全身，第四次手术没有挽救周恩来的生命。之后，开始他还能勉强支撑着自己看报、看文件，后来却不得不靠医护人员帮助念了。面对着因江青一伙不断反扑而趋于恶化的形势，医务人员常常看到周恩来眼望着天花板，时而陷入沉思，时而轻轻地摇头叹息。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月底，病危中的周恩来因为长时间没有修面理发，他的容貌已完全变了：花白的头发蓬长，胡须几乎把嘴唇遮住，灰黄的面部布满一块块老年斑，深陷的眼窝发黑，双目更不见原有的神韵和风采。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过去一直为周恩来理发的北京饭店职工朱殿华，几次托人捎信请求来给总理理发。周恩来知道后，告诉工作人员说：“朱师傅给我理发二十多年，看我现在病成这个样子，他会难受的，还是不要让他来。谢谢他了！”</SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作到临终</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在自己生命最后的时间里，周恩来的细致与工作激情没有因为疾病而磨损。他在一份材料中写下了自己的批语——这是反映甘肃定西、庆阳两地区灾情的材料：“口粮不够，救济款不够，种子留得不够，饲料饲草不够，衣服缺得最多，副业没有，农具不够，燃料不够，饮水不够，打井配套都不够，生产基金、农贷似乎没有按重点放，医疗队不够，医药卫生更差等，必须立即解决。否则外流更多，死人死畜，大大影响劳动力！！！”又批，“先发放救济口粮款，至少要增加无息长期农贷。”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1974</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年住院到去世，周恩来“共做大小手术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天左右要动一次手术。只要身体尚能支持，仍继续坚持工作。除了批阅、处理一些文件外，同中央负责人谈话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">161</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，与中央部门及有关方面负责人谈话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">55</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，接见外宾</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">63</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">批，在接见外宾前后与陪见人谈话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，在医院召开会议</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，出医院开会</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次，外出看望人或找人谈话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1976</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，深夜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">23</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，弥留中的周恩来用微弱的声音说道：“我这里没有什么事了，你们还是去照顾别的生病的同志，那里更需要你们……</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个小时后，周恩来的心脏停止了跳动。</SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820083484636462</comments>
    <slash:comments>48</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820083484636462</guid>
    <pubDate>Fri, 4 Apr 2008 08:46:36 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-04-04T08:46:36+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[【编辑】跨越千载说汉字]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200812765134249</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【编辑】跨越千载说汉字</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世界上有三种最古老的文字：两河流域苏美尔人的楔形文字；尼罗河流域古埃及人的圣书文字；我国殷商时期的甲骨文字。随着岁月的流逝，前两种文字都消失在历史的风尘中了，唯有甲骨文演变成现代汉字使用至今。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关于汉字起源的说法有很多，以仓颉造字的传说最具有代表性。其实，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3300</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多年前商朝的甲骨文已经是较为成熟的文字了，说明在甲骨文形成之前必然要经历一个漫长的产生和演变过程，它不可能脱胎于一种事物，或者是由一个人发明创造的。那个“惊天地、泣鬼神”的造字之神仓颉，极有可能是当时一位文字的整理者，而绝非发明者。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">追溯汉字的起源应该从古老文字形成的共同特点说起，那就是“象形”，也就是画图记事，原始先民们要把他们的生活情况记录下来，就刻画了这些物品的形象，久而久之就形成了规律性的符号，这就是文字的起源。这种画图记事、画图示意的方法今天也有应用。高速公路服务区的标志就是一例，刀叉代表有食物供应，钳子表示有修车服务等等。相传曾国藩的部将鲍超，被太平军的将领外号“四眼狗”的陈玉成包围，鲍超是个除了他的姓什么字也不认识的大老粗，慌忙中自己画了一张图，派人速交曾国藩。曾打开一看，纸上画了一个圆圈，圆圈当中一个歪歪斜斜的“鲍”字，圈外围着几只狗。大惊道：“鲍超被四眼狗陈玉成包围了！”立刻派兵营救。服务区标识的刀叉也好，大老粗的无奈之举也吧，都不能算作文字。只有那些看上去像是图画，但本质上已经具备记录语言功能的规律性的符号才可以称得上是文字。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可见，原始的文字都是具体事物规律性的符号，那么最初的数量一定不会太多。聪明的中国人又在象形的基础上，通过指事、会意、形声、转注和假借的方法逐步完善了这个庞大的汉字体系，之所谓“六书”造字法。不过，要知道汉字不是在有了“六书”这个造字、用字法则以后才依此创造出来的，而是先有汉字，后来才有了“六书”的理论。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另外，文字除了是具有规律性的特性外，还应该具有普遍性，否则就丧失了交流功能，秦始皇统一文字的目的就在于此。汉字由刻画到书写，由随物画形到清一色的长方块，由繁琐趋于简单，走过了几千年的发展演化历程，逐步实现了定型化、规范化，成为十多亿华夏子孙统一使用的文字。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">汉字在产生、演化的过程中形成不同的书体，由此产生了汉字的书写艺术——书法。汉字中多字一音、多音多义、多字一义、一字多义等特点，派生出中华文化独特的表现形式，如字谜、诗词、对联、姓氏以及属相等等。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为汉字是古老的文字，自然就会留下许多原始风俗的遗存和远古文化的线索。如“皇”字就与先民对火的崇拜有关；“社”字就是大地崇拜的例证；甲骨文的“身”字就是怀孕的女人形象；</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“育”和“毓”是女人生产时的生动写照。“祖”和“士”隐含着生殖崇拜，一个“好”字简直就是一幅绝妙的亲子图。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">古老的汉字在解决了计算机输入的困扰后重新焕发青春，在信息时代的今天，汉字又以崭新的姿态发挥着不可比拟的优越性。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一、与任何拼音文字相比，汉字所占的空间最小。同样一部《战争与和平》同样的字号，汉译本仅为俄文本的五分之一，以相同的阅读速度来计算，俄文本需要</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时的话，汉译本仅用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">200</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时，相同的内容英文也要比汉字多二倍以上。汉字的这一优势不仅节约了纸张，降低了印刷成本，更可贵的是节省了亿万读者的阅读时间，假如一个中国人与一个俄国人一生读书的时间相同，中国人要比俄国人多读</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">倍的书，这对一个民族的智力开发具有多么重大的意义！</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、汉字是辨认字形，由形知义，便于记认。汉字的形声字占</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">90%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，其形旁与字义紧密关联，对字义作了初步的分类，有利于学习和记认。比如“胡”字，加“水”为“湖”指湖泊，加“火”为“煳”指烤煳，加“米”为“糊”指糨糊，加“王”为“瑚”指珊瑚，加“虫”为“蝴”指蝴蝶，加“鸟”为“鹕”指鹈鹕，加“犭”为“猢”指猢狲，加“酉”为“醐”指醍醐。加“艹”为“葫”指葫芦，这是多么巧妙而又易于记忆的文字形式啊！再如“讠”、“木”、“钅”、“辶”、“艹”、“扌”等形旁的字，看了就知道与说话、树木、金属、行走、花草和人的行为有关，即使这个字不认识，也能猜出大概的意思，也算认识了。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一个人只要通过学习认识三千字左右，就可以通过“望文生义”认识上万字，试问世界上还有哪种文字能做到这一点呢？另外汉字在使用时是大脑左、右半球并用的“复脑文字”，有利于大脑的智力开发，也就是中国人的智商较高的原因之一。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">鱼不知水，因为鱼就生活在水中，我们不了解汉字的优点，就是因为汉字就是我们日常生活中平平常常的一部分，汉字的魅力远远不止这些，爱我们的汉字吧！</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在上一篇的结尾时提到“汉字的魅力远远不止这些”，汉字的魅力无穷，而我书之有限，惭愧的同时权当抛砖引玉，本想就此结束。可是博友的精彩点评给我触动，在朋友圈里也掀起了一波关于汉字讨论的高潮，我想既然是高潮就让它再迭起一次吧！</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提起中国人自然科学领域的“四大发明”，足令我们骄傲和自豪，可是仔细想一想，这“四大发明”都是文字的衍生物，印刷术和造纸术自不必说。用于战争、航海的火药和指南针，也是传播中华文明的方式和手段。汉字这一伟大的发明，是中华民族对人类文明与进步做出的贡献，没有任何一种文字像汉字这样历经沧桑，负载着最悠久的灿烂文明而又青春常在，汉字是我们的祖先留给我们的极其珍贵的文化遗产。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中国是一个多民族的国家，也是一个多方言的民族，假设我们当初选择的是一种表音的文字，那么势必要派生出各地不同的文字，各民族之间，不同的方言之间相互联系的纽带就会中断，试想我们的国家将是一种怎样的分裂状态，欧洲小国林立的现状就证明了这一点。汉字对中华民族产生了不可估量的凝聚作用，说“中国是靠文字统一的国家”也不过分。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">古老的汉字在瞬息万变的当代社会仍然魅力无穷，以外来词汇的汉译为例，汉字特有的联想功能使原本平淡无奇的原义，仿佛重生一般大放异彩，达到了中西合璧、浑然天成的境界。如可口可乐、雪碧、波音、蒙太奇、迷你裙、霹雳舞等等举不胜举。最经典的是流行于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">70</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代的“的确凉”虽是大白话，却翻译得那么贴切传神。在现代科技面前，以传统的“形声”造字为基础的汉字造字功能也毫不逊色，元素表中的汉译多为新造字。属于金属的以“钅”为形旁，属于非金属的则分为几种情况，常态为气体的以“气”为形旁，常态为固体的以“石”为形旁，使我们一看元素名就知道它是属于哪一类处于什么形态，简单又省事。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不容置疑汉字是世界上最优秀的文字，但是再优秀的文字也是在社会实践中产生和发展的，只有将民族语言国际化和外来语言民族化，不断吸收其他国家的先进语言成果，我们的语言才能发扬光大，永葆青春。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪以前，全世界的科技成果一半以上是中国的，以后直线下降，到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪初已经不足</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了，这条上升与下滑的曲线也代表了汉字的兴衰史。一种文字流通的区域越广，它的空间价值就越大。文字的历史越悠久所承载的文化越丰富，它的时间价值就越大。这就解释了为什么历史上汉字能成为朝鲜、日本、越南等国家的文字；为什么满族人征服了汉人，却被汉人所同化；也可以解释为什么今天满世界都在学习英语。我们必须承认英语担当着当代最先进的政治、经济、文化、科技成果的传播任务。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有些朋友对一些古老文字的消亡忧心忡忡，其实您老大可不必，会</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种“寿”字的写法又有什么用？。《古汉语字典》中多数“车”字旁、“马”字旁的字都快成了死字，毕竟车马时代过去了，现在是汽车时代了，这些文字的消亡是必然的，这叫做“皮之不存，毛将焉附”。还有些朋友对新中国的汉字简化有意见，说什么“厂房全空”（厂廠）、“开关无门”（开关開關）、“亲人不见”（亲親）、“爱心不存”（爱愛）。某种意义来说汉字的演变过程就是汉字简化的过程，隶书是篆书的简化体，楷书又是隶书的简化体，就是在同一时期也有繁体和简体的区别，不必大惊小怪。加上历来就有简体字（俗体字）在民间流行，太平天国时期就把许多民间约定俗成的简体字合法化，还造了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多个新字，用在了其颁布的公告、法令当中。其中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">80%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">被新中国的第一次《汉字简化方案》采用，如果洪秀全在天有灵准会笑出声来。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有人说吸收外来的东西不利于汉语的纯洁，真是可笑之极，语言无所谓纯洁，而且越发达越不纯洁。英语是这样，汉字也一样，汉字从产生的那天起就不断的从周围国家和地区吸取缺失的元素，如“葡萄、狮子、琉璃”等等。今天我们耳熟能详的“指点迷津”、“一尘不染”来源于佛教的传入。今天我们津津乐道的“权益”、“消费”、“自由”、“民主”等词汇，源于日文中的汉字直译。从狭隘的民族情愫来讲，从日本输入汉字心理上是不舒服的，然而从民族进步的角度开看，其本质是西方科学文化的溶入。扬弃的自信，海纳百川的胸襟，是我们华夏民族走向世界，迈向先进民族之列的必要条件。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">曾经流传一个故事，罗马皇帝派使臣，不远万里向孔子请求赐予文字。孔子恰好正在吃饭，口无二用，就随手用筷子夹了一些豆芽菜，放到了使臣脱下的帽子里。使臣如获至宝，拜辞之后，飞奔回国，于是就有了今天流行全世界的罗马字母。这个故事作为茶余饭后的谈资说说笑笑也就罢了，可偏有些人迷古，迷古到了偏执的程度，不愿吸收别国先进的文化，那就大错特错了。我国古代有个夏秋之交晒书的习惯，今天的我们也不能食古不化，让古书发霉，我们需要开放的阳光与空气。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们的民族自豪感和拳拳报国心，应当表现在吸取世界各民族优秀文明成果，努力赶上并超过先进国家上来。中国的综合国力上去了，文化领先了，汉语的承载文明能力自然提高，汉字也必然会走向世界，“国运盛，汉字兴”我们华夏子孙任重而道远。</SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200812765134249</comments>
    <slash:comments>48</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/33982778200812765134249</guid>
    <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 2008 06:51:34 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-02-27T16:28:35+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[【编辑】话说“狗不理”的起源]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820081266287710</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【编辑】话说“狗不理”的起源</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“狗不理”包子是闻名全国的名点，它始创于公元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1858</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年清朝咸丰年间，距今已有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">150</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年的历史。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当时，在天津郊县有一户农家，四十岁喜得贵子，为求平安取名叫“狗子”。狗子长到十四岁时，来到天津学手艺，在一家蒸食铺做小伙计，由于狗子心灵手巧，勤奋好学，练就了一手好活儿。其后，狗子不甘心寄人篱下，便自己摆起了包子摊儿。他发明了水馅、半发面的工艺，做出的包子口感柔软、鲜香不腻，包子外表如同一朵绽放的白菊花，色、香、味、形独具特色，吸引了十里、百里的人们都前来吃包子，生意十分兴隆，狗子忙得生意顾不上说话，人们都说：“狗子卖包子不理人。”就这样天长日久，人们就叫他“狗不理”了。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当时直录总督袁世凯吃过“狗不理”包子连声叫绝，随即进京入宫将包子奉献给慈禧皇太后。太后老佛爷品尝了包子龙颜大悦，夸赞曰：“山中走兽云中雁，腹地牛羊海底鲜，不及狗不理香矣，食之长寿也。”从此“狗不理”包子名声大振。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经过近一百五十年的变革发展，目前</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“狗不理”已成为拥有大型饭店、中型酒家、排挡式餐厅、快餐、早餐、早点、速冻食品生产，商品零售、物流商贸和烹饪学校以及在国内外设有七十余家特许连锁企业的集团公司。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“狗不理”已被国家商标局认定为中国驰名商标，“狗不理包子饮食集团公司”被认定为中国商业名牌企业，“狗不理”包子被认定为国际名品中华美食奖、天津市名牌产品。</SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[漫步者先生]]></author>
	    <comments>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820081266287710</comments>
    <slash:comments>31</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820081266287710</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 26 Feb 2008 06:28:07 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-02-26T06:28:07+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[【编辑】大实话三则：当今没钱人和有钱人的对比]]></title>	
    <link>http://manbuzhe1949.blog.163.com/blog/static/3398277820081256111320</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【编辑】大实话三则：当今没钱人和有钱人的对比</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当今没钱人和有钱人的对比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没钱的人，养猪；有钱的人，养狗。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没钱的人，在家里吃野菜；有钱的人，在酒店吃野菜。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没钱的人，想结婚；有钱的人，想离婚。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没钱的人，老婆兼秘书；有钱的人，秘书兼老婆。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没钱的人，假装有钱；有钱的人，假装没钱。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人啊，都不讲实话：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说股票是毒品，但都在玩；说金钱是罪恶，但都在捞；</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说美女是祸水，但都想要；说高处不胜寒，但都在爬；</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说烟酒伤身体，但就不戒；说天堂最美好，但都不去！</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT